Crohn’s Disease

Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus, though it most commonly affects the end of the small intestine (ileum) and the beginning of the colon.

It is characterized by inflammation that extends deep into the layers of the affected bowel tissue, leading to symptoms such as abdominal pain, severe diarrhea, fatigue, weight loss, and malnutrition. The inflammation caused by Crohn's disease can be both painful and debilitating, and it may lead to life-threatening complications.

The exact cause of Crohn's disease is unknown, but it is thought to result from a combination of genetic, environmental, and immune system factors. The immune system's abnormal response may trigger inflammation in parts of the gastrointestinal tract in genetically predisposed individuals. Unlike ulcerative colitis, which is limited to the colon and rectum, Crohn's disease can cause patchy areas of inflammation (skip lesions) throughout the entire digestive system.

There is currently no cure for Crohn's disease, but treatments are available that can significantly reduce its symptoms and even bring about long-term remission. These treatments include medication, lifestyle changes, and sometimes surgery to remove damaged portions of the gastrointestinal tract. The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation, relieve symptoms, prevent complications, and improve quality of life.

There is a significant need for safer, oral treatments for Crohn's disease. Current treatments for Crohn's disease include a range of options, from anti-inflammatory drugs and immunosuppressants to biologics and corticosteroids, many of which have potential side effects and risks, especially with long-term use. Existing medications can have significant side effects, such as increased risk of infections, liver damage, bone density loss, and increased risk of certain cancers.